If you earn over £100,000 in any tax year your personal allowance is gradually reduced by £1 for every £2 of adjusted net income over £100,000 irrespective of age. Meaning any taxable receipt that takes your income over £100,000 will result in a reduction in personal tax allowances. Leading to your personal Income Tax allowance reducing to zero if your adjusted net income is £125,140 or more.
Your adjusted net income is your total taxable income before any personal allowances. Additionally including less certain tax reliefs such as trading losses, certain charitable donations and pension contributions.
For the current tax year if your adjusted net income is likely to fall between £100,000 and £125,140 you would pay an effective marginal rate of tax of 60% on your income above £100,000 as your £12,570 tax-free personal allowance is gradually withdrawn.
If your income sits within this band, you should consider what financial planning opportunities are available. This is to avoid the personal allowance trap by reducing your income below the £100,000 threshold. This can include gifts to charity, increasing pension contributions and participating in certain investment schemes.
A higher rate or additional rate taxpayer who wanted to reduce their tax bill could make a gift to charity. They would have to make the contribution in the current tax year and carry back the contribution to 2022-23. A request to carry back the donation must be made before or at the same time as the 2022-23 Self-Assessment return is completed i.e., by 31 January 2024.
